Q12. A 46-year-old nulliparous woman presents with abnormal uterine bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasound shows endometrial thickness of 24 mm. What is the next best step in management?

Q15. A 32-year-old woman with a BMI of 38 undergoes lower segment cesarean section at 35 weeks gestation due to preeclampsia. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacological agent for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in this patient?

Q17. A 24-year-old primigravida at 36 weeks gestation presents with complaints of no fetal movements for the past 24 hours. A non-stress test is performed and shows one acceleration in 20 minutes with no fetal decelerations. What is the next best step in management?

Q18. A pregnant woman in her first trimester presents with lymphadenopathy. There is a positive history of Toxoplasmosis infection 2 years ago. Her current serology shows Toxoplasma IgG positive. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

Q19. A woman presents with galactorrhea and amenorrhea. She is diagnosed with a prolactinoma. Which of the following mechanisms best explains the cause of her amenorrhea?

Q20. A woman presents with 2 months of amenorrhea and a positive urine pregnancy test. Which of the following is the most accurate ultrasound parameter to estimate gestational age at this stage of pregnancy?

Q24. Group A Streptococcus is the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis in school aged children. Which of the following bacterial components is primarily responsible for its attachment to fibronectin on the epithelial lining of the pharynx?

Q26. Patient presents with a persistent red lesion over the lateral border of the tongue that has not healed for several weeks. Biopsy confirms squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Which of the following viral infections is most likely associated with the development of this malignancy?

Q27. A 40-year-old immunocompromised patient presents with fever, productive cough, and episodes of hemoptysis. Chest imaging shows cavitary lesions in the lungs. BAL is performed, and microscopy reveals acute-angled, septate hyphae with dichotomous branching. What is the most likely causative organism?

Q29. A 50-year-old immunocompromised man presents with chronic meningitis features. Microscopy reveals Gram-positive, branching filamentous bacteria. The organism is acid-fast on modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain, and grows on paraffin bait culture. What is the most likely causative organism?

Q30. An outbreak of dysentery-like illness occurred in an old age home. The patients presented with bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever. A history reveals that a social worker had brought and served raw, unpasteurized milk to the residents. Which of the following is the most likely causative organism?

Q31. An elderly male presents with progressive cervical lymphadenopathy and increased bleeding tendency. Peripheral blood smear shows >25% blasts, cytochemistry reveals MPO positivity, and the findings shown below are consistent with this condition. Which of the following cytogenetic abnormalities is most likely associated with it?

Q33. A 50-year-old female presents with a firm thyroid swelling. FNAC reveals marked cellular pleomorphism with variation in cell size and shape. Histopathology shows amyloid deposition in the stroma. Immunohistochemistry is TTF-1 negative, positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Q35. An elderly male presents with bilateral cervical lymph node enlargement. Immunohistochemistry reveals CD10 positive and BCL2 positive cells. Which of the following cytogenetic abnormality is commonly associated with this condition?

Q36. Which of the following programmed cell death mechanisms are caspase-dependent?

Q37. 6-year-old child presents with pallor, jaundice, and splenomegaly. The child has a history of intermittent anemia since infancy. Laboratory investigations reveal low hemoglobin, elevated reticulocyte count, elevated MCHC. On further questioning, it is revealed that the father had similar symptoms in childhood. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Q38. A 35-year-old patient presents with progressive vision loss, more prominent in the temporal fields. MRI brain reveals a suprasellar mass compressing the optic chiasm. Histopathological examination of the excised lesion shows 'wet keratin' and stratified squamous epithelium. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Q39. Which of the following technique is most commonly used to compare and quantify CD markers on immunophenotyping?