Q1362. A patient from an endemic area presents with chronic respiratory symptoms. Microscopy shows small oval yeast forms with narrow-based budding, seen inside macrophages. Which of the following organisms is most likely responsible?

Q1363. An electron micrograph/image shows a bacteriophage attached to a bacterial cell. Which of the following processes of genetic transfer is being demonstrated?

Q1364. An HIV-positive patient presents with curdy white vaginal discharge. Microscopic examination of the discharge on KOH mount shows oval, narrow-based budding yeast cells measuring 4–6 μm. The organism causing this infection is an opportunistic pathogen. Which of the following is the correct characteristic of this organism?

Q1366. A 4-year-old child presents with fever, cough, and signs of lower respiratory tract infection. Sputum culture shows no growth on blood agar but grows on chocolate agar. The organism is a fastidious gram-negative bacillus requiring Factor X and Factor V for growth. The most likely causative organism is:

Q1367. A young man gives a history of bathing in pond water. He develops a rapidly moving, serpiginous, pruritic rash over the body. A stool examination shows no ova and no cysts, but larvae are identified. Routine bacterial culture is negative. What is the most likely causative organism?

Q1369. A 30-year-old foreign traveler presents with acute onset profuse watery diarrhea for 12 hours. The stools are colorless and rice-water–like, with no blood or pus. He has signs of severe dehydration. Which toxin is responsible for this illness?

Q1370. Patient with history of consuming home-canned vegetables at a family gathering presents with acute flaccid paralysis. The clinical picture is attributed to botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. What is the most likely mode of transmission in this case?

Q1418. Under the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program in India, children aged 6 months to 6 years (6–72 months) receive supplementary nutrition at the Anganwadi center. What is the minimum calorie and protein provided per day under the program?

Q1420. A healthcare facility has a stock of expired antibiotics. What is the correct method for their disposal according to biomedical waste and environmental guidelines?

Q1422. Two ANMs are available, and the session has 2 hours left. They have a single vaccine vial carrier. To optimize session management, maximize vaccination coverage, minimize vaccine wastage, and ensure effective cold chain utilization, which strategy would be most appropriate?

Q1429. The “Health for All (HFA)” initiative launched after the Alma-Ata Declaration, 1978, aimed to achieve universal health coverage. Later, global focus shifted to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Which of the following is the primary reason for this shift?

Q1436. A patient is brought to the emergency department in a state of shock. A laboratory evaluation is performed, revealing the following biochemical profile: pH = 4.5, HCO3- = 20 mEq/L, and pCO2 = 25 mmHg. Which of the following best describes this patient's acid-base status?

Q1529. A 22-year-old Kabaddi player sustains a twisting injury to the knee while playing. He complains of immediate pain and instability. The injury occurred when the knee was partially flexed and the foot was planted on the ground. Which structure is most likely injured?

Q1565. A patient presents with a painful genital ulcer of acute onset. On examination, the ulcer has ragged, undermined edges with a purulent base. He also has tender, unilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy. What is the most likely causative organism

Q1602. A woman presents to the clinic 2 weeks after being bitten by a dog. The dog died 1 week after the bite. She is concerned about potential rabies infection. How can the rabies virus be detected in this patient?

Q1610. and gradually worsening renal dysfunction. He now has proteinuria and signs of nephrotic syndrome. A renal biopsy is performed. On Congo red staining, amorphous eosinophilic deposits are seen, which show apple green birefringence under polarized light.What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q1639. breathing. A throat swab is sent for culture. On chocolate agar, the organism shows growth with no hemolysis. Gram stain reveals small gram-negative coccobacilli. Which of the following organisms is most likely being isolated on chocolate agar?

Q1642. distributed over the trunk and face. There is no fever or systemic symptoms. The lesions are firm, dome-shaped, and have central umbilication. The patient reports recent use of immunosuppressive therapy for a chronic illness. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q1647. A diabetic patient presents with whitish plaques in the oral cavity that can be scraped off, revealing erythematous mucosa underneath. A KOH mount of the scrapings shows budding yeasts with pseudohyphae.Which of the following culture media is most appropriate for isolation of the causative organism?